Read the case study and answer the following.

In outsourcing, a company hires regular service from external sources, mostly from other countries, which was previously provided internally or from within the country (like legal advice, computer service, advertisement, security each provided by the respective departments of the company). As a form of economic activity, outsourcing has intensified, in recent times, because of the growth of fast modes of communication, particularly the growth of information Technology (IT). Many services such as voice based business processes, record keeping, accounting, banking are being out sourced by companies in developed countries to India. Most multinational corporations and even small companies are outsourcing their services to India where they can be availed at a cheaper cost with reasonable degree of skill and accuracy. WTO is expected to enlarge production and trade of services to ensure optimum utilisation of world resources, WTO agreements facilitate international trade through removal of tariff and non-tariff barriers and providing greater market access to all member countries.

Globalisation of Indian Economy has resulted in :

More positive and less negative effects

The correct answer is option (3) : More positive and less negative effects

Globalization of the Indian economy has resulted in a mix of positive and negative effects.

1. Globalization has brought about several benefits, including increased foreign investment, access to inter national markets, and the growth of industries such as information technology and outsourcing in India.

2. However, it has also posed challenges, such as increased competition and potential job displacement in certain sectors. The overall impact depends on various factors and perspectives.

Thus, globalisation has led to increased outsourcing, growth of the IT sector, employment opportunities, expansion of international trade, and greater access to global markets. India has benefited from foreign investment, technological advancement, and growth in service industries. Although globalisation has also created some negative effects such as increased competition and inequality, its overall impact on the Indian economy has been more positive than negative.

Note: The exact wordings "More positive and less negative effects" are not given in NCERT.  However, the case study-based questions are designed not only to test direct textual recall, but also the ability to apply concepts and draw logical inferences from the information provided. While the exact phrase “more positive and less negative effects” may not appear verbatim in the textbook, it presents a balanced discussion of globalisation by highlighting both its advantages and challenges. The given passage predominantly focuses on the positive outcomes of globalisation and outsourcing, such as growth of the IT sector, expansion of trade in services, increased foreign participation, better utilisation of global resources, and employment opportunities in India. At the same time, the option “positive effects only” cannot be considered appropriate because globalisation is generally understood to have both positive and negative consequences. Therefore, among the given choices, “more positive and less negative effects” is the most suitable inference-based conclusion drawn from the passage and the overall conceptual understanding developed in the chapter.