In a school, a few middle school girls bully two primary school girls by commanding them to tear the books of their classmates while the class was out, for music/dance period. This kind of aggression is known as:

Proactive aggression

The correct answer is Option (4) → Proactive aggression

Proactive aggression means dominating and bullying others without provocation. It is a deliberate and goal-oriented form of aggression used as a means to an end, often for personal gain or control. In this case, the middle school girls are using the primary school girls to perform a destructive act (tearing books) in their absence, which shows planning, manipulation, and use of aggression as a tool to assert dominance or achieve a goal. This is distinct from hostile aggression, which is impulsive and driven by anger and directed at inflicting injury to others.