Which of the following is NOT a measure to counter air pollution in urban centers?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Lower parking fees
Option (1) Mass rapid transit system — A measure against urban air pollution (Incorrect). Metro and other mass rapid transit carry many people at once and take cars off the roads.
Option (2) Improved public bus services — A measure (Incorrect). Better buses make people leave private vehicles at home.
Option (3) Electric vehicles — A measure (Incorrect). They give out no exhaust fumes on city roads.
Option (4) Lower parking fees — Not a measure (Correct). Among the urban transport solutions the remedy is a higher parking fee, which discourages private cars. Lower fees would bring more cars, and more smoke, into the city.
NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography — Chapter 7: Transport and Communication, box: Urban Transport Solutions (2025-26)
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