Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

The correct answer is Option (2) → A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

A. The production of curd from milk is a common example of the beneficial role of LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria). When milk is exposed to LAB, such as Lactobacillus and other lactic acid bacteria, they grow and metabolize the milk components. During their growth, these bacteria produce lactic acid, which leads to the coagulation and partial digestion of the milk proteins.

B. Microbes are also used for commercial and industrial production of certain chemicals like organic acids, alcohols and enzymes. Examples of acid producers are Aspergillus niger (a fungus) of citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (a bacterium) of acetic acid; Clostridium butylicum (a bacterium) of butyric acid.

C. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste, the specificity coming from the microbes used.For example, the large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.

D. Streptokinase is an enzyme produced by some strains of Streptococcus bacteria. It is used to break down blood clots in medical treatments.