A thick long straight wire of radius 'a' is carrying steady current I. The current I is uniformly distributed across the cross- section. The ratio of magnetic fields at a distance a/2 and 3a/2 from the central axis of the wire is
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → 3:4
Given:
Radius of wire $= a$
Current $= I$ (uniform distribution)
Magnetic field inside the wire ($r < a$):
$B = \frac{\mu_0 I r}{2 \pi a^2}$
At $r = \frac{a}{2}$:
$B_{in} = \frac{\mu_0 I \cdot (a/2)}{2 \pi a^2} = \frac{\mu_0 I}{4 \pi a}$
Magnetic field outside the wire ($r > a$):
$B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2 \pi r}$
At $r = \frac{3a}{2}$:
$B_{out} = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2 \pi (3a/2)} = \frac{\mu_0 I}{3 \pi a}$
Ratio:
$\frac{B_{in}}{B_{out}} = \frac{\frac{\mu_0 I}{4 \pi a}}{\frac{\mu_0 I}{3 \pi a}} = \frac{3}{4}$
Final Answer: Ratio $= \frac{3}{4}$