_____ is an objective and standardised measure of an individual's mental and/or behavioural characteristics.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Psychological Test
Option (1) Intelligence — Incorrect. Intelligence is a psychological attribute, a key construct for knowing how individuals differ; it is something that is measured, not a measure.
Option (2) Case Study — Incorrect. A case study is an in-depth study of an individual in terms of her/his psychological attributes and history, in the context of her/his psychosocial and physical environment. It draws on several methods and is not itself a standardised measure.
Option (3) Self-Report — Incorrect. In self-report a person provides factual information about herself/himself and her/his opinions and beliefs, through an interview schedule, a questionnaire, a test or a diary. It describes the source of the information, not an objective standardised tool.
Option (4) Psychological Test — Correct. A psychological test is an objective and standardised measure of an individual’s mental and/or behavioural characteristics.
NCERT (2025-26): “Assessment Methods … Psychological Test is an objective and standardised measure of an individual’s mental and/or behavioural characteristics. Objective tests have been developed to measure all the dimensions of psychological attributes (e.g., intelligence, aptitude, etc.) described above.…” “Assessment Methods … Case Study is an in-depth study of the individual in terms of her/his psychological attributes, psychological history in the context of her/his psychosocial and physical environment. Case studies are widely used by clinical psychologists.…” “Assessment Methods … Self-Report is a method in which a person provides factual information about herself/himself and/or opinions, beliefs, etc. that s/he holds. Such information may be obtained by using an interview schedule or a questionnaire, a psychological test, or a personal diary.” |