We began our story of social and economic development in modern India from the colonial period. … Often globalisation today identifies large-scale movement of people or migration as a defining feature. … Independent India retained a global outlook. … Migration was an ongoing process. … So we need to ask ourselves whether the current process of change is radically different from anything we have seen in the past.
According to the lines missing from the passage, colonialism was part of a system that required new sources of which of the following?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → capital, raw materials, energy and markets
Option (1) labour, raw materials, settlers and markets — Incorrect. Labour and settlers are not in this list. The system needed new sources of capital, raw materials, energy and markets, along with a global network.
Option (2) capital, raw materials, energy and markets — Correct. Colonialism was part of the system of modern capitalism, which had a global dimension from its start. That system required new sources of capital, raw materials, energy and markets, and a global network that sustained it.
Option (3) capital, technology, labour and markets — Incorrect. Technology and labour are not among these needs. Capital and markets are right, but raw materials and energy are missing.
Option (4) land, raw materials, energy and labour — Incorrect. Land and labour are not among these needs. Raw materials and energy are right, but capital and markets are missing.
NCERT (2026-27): “Colonialism and the Global Connection |