Select a statement which is true about social movements.

Social movements have shared objectives and ideologies.

The correct answer is Option 2: Social movements have shared objectives and ideologies.

Option 1: "Social movements are fluid conglomerates of human beings". Incorrect – While social movements involve people, calling them “fluid conglomerates” makes them sound like loose, unstructured gatherings. In reality, social movements are organized and purposeful with direction.

Option 2: "Social movements have shared objectives and ideologies". Correct – This is the most accurate. Social movements are organized efforts by a large group of people to achieve a specific goal or bring about change. They are driven by shared beliefs, values, and ideologies.

Option 3: "Social movements are sudden associations which die down after an incident". Incorrect – That describes crowds or mobs, not social movements. Social movements are sustained and long-term efforts, not just momentary reactions.

NCERT: A social movement requires sustained collective action over time. Such action is often directed against the state and takes the form of demanding changes in state policy or practice. Spontaneous, disorganised protest cannot be called a social movement either. Collective action must be marked by some degree of organisation. This organisation may include a leadership and a structure that defines how members relate to each other, make decisions and carry them out. Those participating in a social movement also have shared objectives and ideologies. A social movement has a general orientation or way of approaching to bring about (or to prevent) change. These defining features are not constant. They may change over the course of a social movement’s life.