Match List-I (environmental problem) with List-II (its cause):List-IL…

Match List-I (environmental problem) with List-II (its cause):

List-I	List-II
(A) Ozone depletion	(I) Increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution
(B) Global warming	(II) Past development has polluted and dried up rivers and other aquifers
(C) Land degradation	(III) High levels of chlorine and bromine compounds in the stratosphere
(D) Water becoming an economic good	(IV) Improper crop rotation and indiscriminate use of agro-chemicals

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

Each problem in List-I has its own cause.

List-I	List-II	Reason
(A) Ozone depletion	(III) High levels of chlorine and bromine compounds in the stratosphere	These compounds, mainly from CFCs and halons, reduce the ozone in the stratosphere.
(B) Global warming	(I) Increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution	More greenhouse gases raise the average temperature of the lower atmosphere.
(C) Land degradation	(IV) Improper crop rotation and indiscriminate use of agro-chemicals	Both are on the list of factors of land degradation.
(D) Water becoming an economic good	(II) Past development has polluted and dried up rivers and other aquifers	Clean water has become scarce, so it now has a cost.

NCERT (2026-27): “7.2 Environment — Definition and Functions … Absorptive capacity means the ability of the environment to absorb degradation. The result — we are today at the threshold of environmental crisis. The past development has polluted and dried up rivers and other aquifers making water an economic good. …”

“Box 7.1: Global Warming Global warming is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth’s lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution. …”

“Box 7.2: Ozone Depletion Ozone depletion refers to the phenomenon of reductions in the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. The problem of ozone depletion is caused by high levels of chlorine and bromine compounds in the stratosphere. …”

“7.3 State of India’s Environment … Some of the factors responsible for land degradation are (i) loss of vegetation occuring due to deforestation (ii) unsustainable fuel wood and fodder extraction (iii) shifting cultivation (iv) encroachment into forest lands (v) forest fires and over grazing (vi) non-adoption of adequate soil conservation measures (vii) improper crop rotation (viii) indiscriminate use of agro-chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides …”