Which of these is the energy conversion that happens in the process called photosynthesis?

Light energy to chemical energy

The correct answer is Option (2) - Light energy to chemical energy

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose molecules. This process occurs primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll pigments absorb sunlight.

During photosynthesis, light energy is captured by chlorophyll and other pigments in the chloroplasts. This energy is then used to power a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The chemical energy stored in glucose molecules is essential for the survival of plants and serves as a primary energy source for various cellular processes. Therefore, photosynthesis is fundamentally the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.