Read the passage and answer the following questions :

Yeasts, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have been used for centuries to produce alcoholic beverages like wine, beer, whisky, brandy, and rum. These beverages are made through the fermentation of malted cereals and fruit juices by yeast, specifically brewer's yeast. During fermentation, yeast undergoes metabolic reactions that result in the production of ethanol, the primary alcohol in alcoholic beverages. Different types of alcoholic drinks are obtained based on the raw materials used and the processing methods employed. Wine and beer are produced without distillation, while whisky, brandy, and rum are produced by distilling the fermented mixture. On the other hand, antibiotics, which are chemical substances produced by certain microbes, are considered one of the significant discoveries of the twentieth century. They have greatly contributed to the well-being of human society. Antibiotics are capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of disease-causing microbes, thereby having a positive impact on human health.

The correct answer is Option (4)- Both 2 and 3

On the other hand, whisky, brandy, and rum undergo a distillation process in addition to fermentation. After the fermentation of the initial mixture, which may include malted cereals or fruit juices, the fermented broth is distilled.This results in the production of a more concentrated alcohol known as the distilled spirit.

The distillation step in their production allows for the separation and concentration of alcohol, resulting in a stronger and more potent beverage compared to wine and beer.

Therefore, wine and beer are produced without distillation, while whisky, brandy, and rum are produced through fermentation followed by distillation of the fermented broth.