Take the statements below to be true, even if they differ from known facts. Which of the conclusions follow logically from them?
Statements:
1. All chemists are pianists.
2. No chemist is a banker.
Conclusions:
I. Some pianists are chemists.
II. Some pianists are not bankers.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Both conclusions I and II follow
A conclusion follows only if it is true in every diagram that fits the statements; each class named in a statement is taken to have members.
“All chemists are pianists”: the circle of chemists lies inside the circle of pianists
“No chemist is a banker”: the circles of chemists and bankers do not touch
Conclusion I: Some pianists are chemists. — Follows. Every chemist is a pianist, so the chemists themselves are pianists who are chemists.
Conclusion II: Some pianists are not bankers. — Follows. The pianists who are chemists are not bankers, because no chemist is a banker.