Among various electrical safety devices, one based on the heating effect of electric current is called a :

Fuse

The correct answer is option 1. Fuse.

A fuse is a safety device based on the heating effect of electric current. It consists of a thin wire or strip of metal that melts when excessive current flows through it. When the current exceeds a certain threshold, the wire heats up due to its resistance, eventually melting and breaking the circuit. This action helps to protect electrical circuits and devices from damage due to overcurrent situations, such as short circuits or overloads. Fuses are commonly used in electrical installations to prevent fires and other hazards associated with excessive current flow.