Read the passage and answer the question :

Charkha

Mahatma Gandhi was profoundly critical of the modern age in which machines enslaved humans and displaced labour. He saw the charkha as a symbol of a human society that would not glorify machines and technology. The spinning wheel, moreover, could provide the poor with supplementary income and make them self-reliant.

What I object to, is the craze for machinery as such. The craze is for what they call labour-saving machinery. Men go on "saving labour", till thousands are without work and thrown on the open streets to die of starvation. I want to save time and labour, not for a fraction of mankind, but for all; I want the concentration of wealth, not in the hands of few, but in the hands of all.

YOUNG INDIA, 13 NOVEMBER 1924

Khaddar does not seek to destroy all machinery but it does regulate its use and check its weedy growth. It uses machinery for the service of the poorest in their own cottages. The wheel is itself an exquisite piece of machinery.

YOUNG INDIA, 17 MARCH 1927

Mahatma Gandhi was profoundly critical of modern age in which __________.

Machines enslaved humans

The correct answer is Option (1) → Machines enslaved humans

The reason the answer is (1) Machines enslaved humans is that the passage explicitly states that Mahatma Gandhi was critical of the modern age where machines enslaved humans and displaced labor. Gandhi's objection to the craze for machinery stemmed from the belief that the use of labor-saving machinery led to unemployment and the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few. His advocacy for the charkha as a symbol of self-reliance and supplementary income for the poor further emphasizes his concerns about the impact of machines on human lives.

Thus, option (1) accurately reflects Gandhi's viewpoint in the passage.