What is the process of transferring journal entries to individual accounts called?

Posting

The correct answer is option 2- Posting.

Posting is the process of transferring the entries from the books of original entry (journal) to the ledger. In other words, posting means grouping of all the transactions in respect to a particular account at one place for meaningful conclusion and to further the accounting process. Posting from the journal is done periodically, may be, weekly or fortnightly or monthly as per the requirements and convenience of the business.