P, Q, R and S have ₹120, ₹130, ₹140 and ₹150 respectively when they go to visit a fair. P spends ₹49, Q spends ₹54, R spends ₹55 and S spends ₹58. Who has done the lowest expenditure proportionate to their resources?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → S
Spending in proportion to one’s resources means the fraction of one’s money that is spent, \(\frac{\text{amount spent}}{\text{amount one has}}\). The smallest fraction is the lowest expenditure in proportion.
P spends 49 of the 120 in hand: \(\displaystyle \frac{49}{120}\approx0.408\)
Q spends 54 of the 130 in hand: \(\displaystyle \frac{54}{130}\approx0.415\)
R spends 55 of the 140 in hand: \(\displaystyle \frac{55}{140}\approx0.393\)
S spends 58 of the 150 in hand: \(\displaystyle \frac{58}{150}\approx0.387\), the smallest
S spends the most rupees of the four, but the smallest share of the money in hand, about 38.7%.