Opioids are obtained from the plant:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Papaver somniferum
Option (1) Cannabis sativa — Incorrect. The hemp plant gives cannabinoids, such as marijuana, hashish, charas and ganja.
Option (2) Erythroxylum coca — Incorrect. The coca plant gives cocaine, a coca alkaloid.
Option (3) Papaver somniferum — Correct. Heroin (smack) is made from morphine, which is extracted from the latex of the poppy plant.
Option (4) Atropa belladona — Incorrect. This plant is known for its hallucinogenic properties; it is not a source of opioids.
NCERT Extract:
Drugs and Alcohol Abuse – “… Opioids are the drugs, which bind to specific opioid receptors present in our central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Heroin (Figure 7.7), commonly called smack is chemically diacetylmorphine which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound. This is obtained by acetylation of morphine (Figure 7.7), which is extracted from the latex of poppy plant Papaver somniferum”