Colonial government used unfair means to hire and forcibly keep labourers in the Tea plantation Industry in Assam because :
(1) The colonial government wanted labourers to live lives of luxury
(2) The colonial government wanted to increase employment in India
(3) Assam was uninhabited and possessed an unhealthy climate
(4) Assam had huge, sprawling bungalows that were surrounded by velvety lawns
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Assam was uninhabited and possessed an unhealthy climate
Option (3) Assam was uninhabited and possessed an unhealthy climate — Correct. Assam was sparsely populated and the plantations lay on uninhabited hillsides, so labour had to be brought from other provinces into strange lands possessing an unhealthy climate and infected with strange fevers. People would come only for good incentives, which the planters would not offer, so they turned to fraud and coercion, aided by the government’s penal laws.
NCERT: Social Change and Development in India — Chapter 1: Structural Change, Boxes 1.5 and 1.6 (2025-26)
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