Which of the following is not included in four P's of Marketing ?

Public

The correct answer is option (4) : Public

The four P's of Marketing are Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. "Public" is not included in the four P's of Marketing.

1. Product: This refers to the goods or services that a company offers to its customers. It includes the design, features, packaging, branding, and other aspects of the product that make it appealing to consumers.

2. Price: This refers to the amount of money that customers have to pay to obtain the product. The price of a product can affect its demand, and marketers have to decide on the objectives of price setting, analyze the factors determining the price, and fix a price for the firm's products.

3. Place: This refers to the distribution channels through which the product is made available to customers. It includes decisions about where to sell the product, how to transport it, and how to store it.

4. Promotion : This refers to the various marketing activities that are used to promote the product and increases its sales. It includes advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations,and other forms of communication that are used to reach customers and persuade them to buy the product.