Read the given paragraph carefully and answer the following questions:

Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. This can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus). There are some basic steps. in genetically modifying an organism-identification of DNA with desirable genes: (i) introduction of the identified DNA into the host; (iii) maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and transfer of the DNA to its progeny. Agrobacterium tumifaciens, a pathogen of several dicot plants is able to deliver a piece of DNA known as 'T-DNA' to transform normal plant cells into a tumor and direct these tumor cells to produce the chemicals required by the pathogen. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol. Selection of recombinants due to inactivation of antibiotics is a cumbersome procedure because it requires simultaneous plating on two plates having different antibiotics. Therefore, alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme, β-galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the gene for synthesis of this enzyme, which is referred to as insertional inactivation.

Which one of the following steps is not involved in genetical modification of an organisms?

Transfer of the DNA to its progeny

The correct answer is Option (1) → Transfer of the DNA to its progeny 

The basic steps in genetic modification involve the introduction of identified DNA into the host, the maintenance of the introduced DNA in the host, and the transfer of the introduced DNA into the progeny of the host. Identifying DNA with the maximum number of genes is not a step in the genetic modification process; rather, genetic modification focuses on specific genes or genetic elements of interest.

There are three basic steps in genetically modifying an organism —

(i) identification of DNA with desirable genes;

(ii) introduction of the identified DNA into the host;

(iii) maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and transfer of the DNA to its progeny