What were the diverse systems of thought that emerged in the sixth century BCE?
1) Hinduism and Zoroastrianism
2) Buddhism and Christianity
3) Buddhism and Jainism
4) Judaism and Islam

Choose the correct answer from the given options:

3

The sixth century BCE marks a significant turning point in early Indian history, characterized by the emergence of early states, urban centers, the increasing use of iron, and the introduction of coinage. This period also witnessed the growth of diverse philosophical systems, including Buddhism and Jainism. Early Buddhist and Jaina texts mention sixteen states known as mahajanapadas, with names like Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara, and Avanti being frequently mentioned as among the most important mahajanapadas.