Match List-I with List-II
| List-I Causes of biodiversity losses | List-II Examples |
|---|---|
| (A). Habitat loss and fragmentation | (I). Parthenium, Lantana and water hyacinth (Eichhornia) |
| (B). Over-exploitation | (II). Co-evolved plant-pollinator mutualism |
| (C). Alien species invasion | (III). Deforestation for conversion of forest to grasslands |
| (D). Co-extinctions | (IV). Excessive fishing and over harvesting of certain fish populations |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(A) Habitat loss and fragmentation — this matches (III) Deforestation for conversion of forest to grasslands. Cutting a forest destroys the home of the species living there. Parts of the Amazon rain forest, for example, are being cleared to grow soya beans or to make grasslands for beef cattle.
(B) Over-exploitation — this matches (IV) Excessive fishing and over harvesting of certain fish populations. When people take more of a species than it can replace, its numbers fall towards extinction. Many marine fish populations are being over-harvested in this way.
(C) Alien species invasion — this matches (I) Parthenium, Lantana and water hyacinth (Eichhornia). These plants were brought from outside and spread over the native plants. Some alien species turn invasive like this and push out the native species.
(D) Co-extinctions — this matches (II) Co-evolved plant-pollinator mutualism. When two species depend on each other, the loss of one brings the loss of the other. If a plant dies out, the pollinator that evolved with it dies out too.