The term used for the association of the two genes is:

Linkage

The correct answer is Option (2)- Linkage

Linkage refers to the tendency of certain genes to be inherited together because they are located close to each other on the same chromosome. While linkage can influence the inheritance of traits, it is not the factor directly responsible for the phenotype. The phenotype is more directly influenced by the specific alleles present in the genotype.

Recombination refers to the process by which genetic material is exchanged between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This process leads to the creation of new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes, which can result in genetic variation among offspring.

Factors is a general term that can refer to genes, alleles, or other hereditary elements that contribute to a specific trait or phenotype.

Inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic information (traits, characteristics) from parents to offspring.