Assertion: The second challenge for India was to establish democracy after it became independent.
Reason: India adopted representative democracy based on the Presidential form of government.

The Assertion is correct but the Reason is incorrect.

Three Challenges of Independent India:

1.    The first and the immediate challenge was to shape a nation that was united, yet accommodative of the diversity in our society.

2.    The second challenge was to establish democracy.
a.    The challenge was to establish a democratic system as envisioned by the Indian Constitution.
b.    Fundamental rights were granted, and universal suffrage was extended to all citizens.
c.    India adopted a parliamentary form of government, ensuring political competition within a democratic framework.
d.    The development of democratic practices in accordance with the Constitution was crucial.

3.    The third challenge was to ensure the development and well-being of the entire society and not only of some sections.