The correct answer is Option 2 - Right to property
The Right to Property in India underwent a significant transformation with the passage of the 44th Amendment Act of 1978. This amendment reclassified the Right to Property from a Fundamental Right to a Legal Right. Article 300-A was introduced, stating that "no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law." This amendment effectively moved the Right to Property from the section on Fundamental Rights to Part XII of the Constitution, which deals with the Concurrent List, thereby establishing it as a legal right. This change occurred during the tenure of Prime Minister Morarji Desai.
Part III is titled "Fundamental Rights" and contains Articles 12 to 35 in which the 6 fundamental rights are mentioned. These articles outline the basic rights guaranteed to all Indian citizens, including:
Right to Equality (Articles 14-18): Ensures equal treatment before the law and prohibits discrimination based on factors like religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22): Guarantees freedoms like speech, assembly, movement, residence, and profession (subject to certain restrictions).
Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24): Prohibits forced labor, human trafficking, and child labor.
Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28): Protects freedom of conscience, religious practice, and propagation.
Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30): Recognizes the right of minorities to conserve their culture and language and establish educational institutions.
Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32): Ensures the right to enforce fundamental rights through legal action in the Supreme Court. |
