Read the following passage given below and Answer the question.

Our second view of the Titanic was breathtaking. As we glided across the bottom, out of the darkness loomed the vertical knife-edge of the bow-the great ship towered above us and suddenly it seemed to be coming right at us, about to run our little submarine down. Gently we brought the sub closer until we could see the bow more clearly. It was buried more than 20 meters in bottom mud. Both anchors still hung in place.

Rivers of rust covered the side of the ship, some of it running the full length of the exposed vertical hull plating and pouring out over the bottom sediment where it formed great ponds as much as thirty to 12 metres across. The blood of the great ship lay in pools on the ocean floor. Then, as we rose in slow motion up the ghostly wall of the port bow, our running lights reflected off the still unbroken glass of the portholes in a way that made me think of eyes gleaming in the dark. In places, the rust about them formed eyelashes, sometimes tears: as though the Titanic were weeping over her fate. Near the upper railing - still largely intact - reddish-brown stalactites of rust, the result of rust-eating bacteria, hung down as much as several metres, looking like long icicles. I subsequently dubbed them 'rusticles', a name which seems to have stuck.

These rust features turned out to be very fragile. If touched by 'Alvin' (that was the name we called our sub), or dislodged by the thrust from one of our propellers, they disappeared in a cloud of smoke. And once the foamy crust had been knocked away, the steel beneath appeared almost perfectly preserved, only slightly pitted.

Carefully I counted the portholes aft from the anchor to locate the position where the ship's name should be, but I could see nothing.

Alvin rose farther, cleared the railing forward of No.1 hatch, and we manoeuvred in over the Titanic's mighty forward deck. All at once I was forcibly struck by the sheer size of everything: giant bollards, the huge links of the anchor chains, and even bigger shiny bronze-topped capstans. Until now the ship for me had been somehow ghostly, distant, incorporeal. Now it was very close, very real.

The literary device used in the underlined expressions (i) "rivers of rust" and (ii) "as though the Titanic were weeping over her fate" are :

(i) metaphor   (ii) personification

• (i) "rivers of rust": This is a metaphor because it directly compares the rust to rivers without using "like" or "as." It describes the rust flowing and pooling like a river, giving it a more vivid and dynamic image than simply saying "a lot of rust."
• (ii) "as though the Titanic were weeping over her fate": This is personification because it attributes human emotions and actions (weeping) to a non-human object (the Titanic). This gives the ship a sense of agency and emotional depth, making its tragic fate even more impactful.

Let's analyze the other options:

• (i) synecdoche: This figure of speech uses a part to represent the whole. While the "rivers of rust" might seem like a part (rust) representing the whole (Titanic), it's not the intended focus. The emphasis is on the rust itself, not on using it to stand for the entire ship.
• (ii) transferred epithet: This figure of speech transfers an adjective from one noun to another. It's not applicable here because there's no noun having the emotion of "weeping" that gets transferred to the Titanic. The ship itself is imagined as weeping, not receiving an emotion from something else.
• (i) repetition: This simply means using the same word or phrase multiple times. While the passage might have some repetition for emphasis, "rivers of rust" isn't an example of it. It's a distinct and unique metaphorical phrase used once.
• (i) simile: While similar to a metaphor, a simile explicitly uses "like" or "as" to compare. "Rivers of rust" doesn't use these words, making it a metaphor.