Select the incorrect statement(s)

A. Surface active agents like soaps and synthetic detergents from micelles in water

B.Soaps are emulsifying agents

C.\(C_{17}H_{35}\) (hydrocarbon and \(COO^-\) (carboxylate) part of stearate ion \((C_{17}H_{35}COO)\) both are hydrophobic

D. Surfactants are basic in nature

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

C only

The correct answer is option 2. C only.

The incorrect statements are: C. \(C_{17}H_{35}\) (hydrocarbon and \(COO^-\) (carboxylate) part of stearate ion \((C_{17}H_{35}COO)\) both are hydrophobic.

Here's why:

Hydrocarbon chain \((C_{17}H_{35})\): This part is indeed hydrophobic, meaning it repels water due to its nonpolar covalent bonds.

Carboxylate ion \((COO^-)\): However, the carboxylate ion is hydrophilic, meaning it attracts water due to its negative charge and the ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

Therefore, only statement C is incorrect.

Here's a breakdown of the other statements:

A. Surface active agents like soaps and synthetic detergents form micelles in water. This is correct. Micelles are formed by these agents to trap dirt and oil in water, aiding in cleaning.

B. Soaps are emulsifying agents. This is also correct. Soaps help stabilize emulsions by lowering the interfacial tension between water and oil, allowing them to mix temporarily.

D. Surfactants are basic in nature. This is not necessarily true. Surfactants can be acidic, basic, or neutral depending on their chemical structure and the presence of charged groups.

So the correct answer is 2. C only.