In the following question, a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:

Assertion: A positive catalyst increases the rate of reaction.

Reason : In presence of a catalyst, the activation energy of the reaction decreases.

Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The correct answer is option 1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The correct answer is: Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Assertion: A positive catalyst increases the rate of reaction. This statement is true. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed itself. By lowering the activation energy, a catalyst allows more reactant molecules to reach the activated state needed for the reaction to occur, thus increasing the reaction rate.

Reason: In presence of a catalyst, the activation energy of the reaction decreases. This statement is also true. Activation energy is the minimum energy required for reactant molecules to collide effectively and form products. A catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, making it easier for the reaction to proceed.

The reason directly explains how a catalyst increases the reaction rate. By lowering the activation energy barrier, the catalyst allows more reactant molecules to overcome this energy barrier and participate in the reaction, leading to a faster overall rate.