Arrange the following events in chronological order (oldest to latest).
(A) The Great Leap Forward
(B) First Five-Year Plan of India
(C) Economic Reforms of India
(D) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (B), (A), (D), (C)
India and China set out on planned development within a few years of each other. China then went through two campaigns under Mao before both countries turned to market reforms, China first and India later. The year of each event fixes its place.
(B) First Five-Year Plan of India — 1951. India announced its first Five Year Plan for 1951-56; China announced its first plan in 1953 and Pakistan in 1956.
(A) The Great Leap Forward — 1958. China’s campaign, initiated in 1958, aimed at industrialising the country on a massive scale.
(D) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution — 1966. Mao introduced it in 1965, and it ran from 1966 to 1976; students and professionals were sent to work and learn from the countryside.
(C) Economic Reforms of India — 1991. Reforms were initiated in China in 1978, in Pakistan in 1988 and in India in 1991.
Shortcut: India’s First Five Year Plan, from 1951, is the oldest of the four, so the order must begin with (B), and Option (3) is the only option that does.
NCERT (2025-26): “8.1 Introduction … All three countries had started planning their development strategies in similar ways. While India announced its first Five Year Plan for 1951–56, Pakistan announced its first five year plan, now called the Medium Term Development Plan, in 1956. China announced its First Five Year Plan in 1953.… China: … The Great Leap Forward (GLF) campaign initiated in 1958 aimed at industrialising the country on a massive scale. People were encouraged to set up industries in their backyards. In rural areas, communes were started. Under the Commune system, people collectively cultivated lands.… …In 1965, Mao introduced the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966–76) under which students and professionals were sent to work and learn from the countryside.… …Though countries go through their development phases differently, let us take the initiation of reforms as a point of reference. We know that reforms were initiated in China in 1978, Pakistan in 1988 and India in 1991.…” |