Read the following passage and answer the question.

Founded in 1868, by Jamsetji Nusserwanji ,Tata the Tata Group is a global business conglomerate operating in over 100 countries across 5 continents. His strong sense of values and spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship are a legacy that continues to guide Tata companies till date. He had four goals in life: setting up an iron and steel company, a world-class learning institution, a unique hotel and a hydro-electric plant. Only the hotel became a reality during his lifetime, with the inauguration of the Taj Mahal Hotel at Colaba waterfront in Mumbai on 3 December 1903. At that time it was the only hotel in India to have electricity. He believed that satisfied workers create satisfied workers and in lieu to this principle he paid all his workers gratuity, provident fund well before it was made mandatory. His management skills were clearly evident when minute details were chalked in planning and building the entire city of Jamshedpur. The values and principles that have governed the business for a century are enshrined in the Tata Code of Conduct (TCOC). From an early foray into steel and automobiles, to staying abreast of the latest technologies, the Tata Group today has 29 publicly-listed Tata enterprises, which include Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Power, Tata Chemicals, Tata Global Beverages, Tata Teleservices, Titan, Tata Communications and Indian Hotels. 

Tata has a strong sense of social responsibility. They balance economic prosperity, environmental responsibility and social benefits for the community. In India, they are a partner in progress with Odisha, and believe in taking its stakeholders forward in its journey of growth. Tata Steel Thailand is one of the first 30 companies that joined UNICEF in Child Friendly Business in “The Children Sustainability Forum” to make a commitment in protecting children’s rights. Tata Steel Europe’s Community Partnership Programme- ‘Future Generations’, with sub-themes of education, environment, health and Well-being works across the UK, assisting job and wealth creation by supporting small and medium businesses with finance and business premises. They also play a constructive role in addressing climate change – both by reducing carbon footprint, and by creating high performance steels that lead to fuel-efficient vehicles and energy-efficient buildings. Their Environmental Management Systems meet the ISO 14001 standards at all of their main manufacturing sites. Shaped by a lineage of sound and straightforward business principles, the Tata Group is built on a foundation of trust and transparency. Building such huge enterprises, sustaining and running them profitably are possible only through effective and efficient management and co-ordination at all levels. 

Which of the following statement is incorrect about efficiency and effectiveness of an organisation?

None of the above

The correct answer is option 4- None of the above.

Effectiveness versus Efficiency: These two terms are different but they are interrelated. For management, it is important to be both effective and efficient. Effectiveness and efficiency are two sides of the same coin. But these two aspects need to be balanced and management at times, has to compromise with efficiency. For example, it is easier to be effective and ignore efficiency i.e., complete the given task but at a high cost. Suppose, a company’s target production is 5000 units in a year. To achieve this target the manager has to operate on double shifts due to power failure most of the time. The manager is able to produce 5000 units but at a higher production cost. In this case, the manager was effective but not so efficient, since for the same output, more inputs (labour cost, electricity costs) were used.