Which theory states that societies are at different stages on the road to modernisation, but they are all heading in the same direction?

Modernisation theory

The correct answer is Option 1: Modernisation theory

While the early sociologists saw industrialisation as both positive and negative, by the mid 20th century, under the influence of modernisation theory, industrialisation came to be seen as inevitable and positive. Modernisation theory argues that societies are at different stages on the road to modernisation, but they are all heading in the same direction. Modern society, for these theorists, is represented by the West.

Note: This question is from pre rationalised NCERT.