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While many zamindars were facing a crisis at the end of the eighteenth century, a group of rich peasants were consolidating their position in the villages. In Francis Buchanan’s survey of the Dinajpur district in North Bengal we have a vivid description of this class of rich peasants known as jotedars. By the early nineteenth century, jotedars had acquired vast areas of land – sometimes as much as several thousand acres. They controlled local trade as well as moneylending, exercising immense power over the poorer cultivators of the region. A large part of their land was cultivated through sharecroppers  who brought their own ploughs, laboured in the field, and handed over half the produce to the jotedars after the harvest.

Who among the following was a surgeon to the Governor-General of India, Lord Wellesley?

Francis Buchanan

The correct answer is Option 2 - Francis Buchanan

Francis Buchanan was a physician who came to India and served in the Bengal Medical Service. For a few years, he was a surgeon to the Governor-General of India, Lord Wellesley.