We began our story of social and economic development in modern India from the colonial period. … Often globalisation today identifies large-scale movement of people or migration as a defining feature. … Independent India retained a global outlook. … Migration was an ongoing process. … So we need to ask ourselves whether the current process of change is radically different from anything we have seen in the past.
What do the lines missing from the passage say about trade in independent India?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Export and import of raw material, goods and technology were very much a part of growth.
Option (1) Export of raw material continued, but the import of goods and technology waited until liberalisation. — Incorrect. Imports did not wait for liberalisation. Import of goods and technology was part of development from independence onward, and foreign firms did operate in India.
Option (2) Import of technology went on, while the export of goods waited until liberalisation. — Incorrect. Exports did not wait for liberalisation. Both export and import of raw material, goods and technology were part of development since independence.
Option (3) Export and import of raw material, goods and technology were very much a part of growth. — Correct. Export and import of raw material, goods and technology were very much a part of development since independence. Along with migration and foreign firms in India, this shows that independent India kept a global outlook.
Option (4) Trade in raw material went on, while goods and technology were produced at home, not imported. — Incorrect. Goods and technology were not only produced at home. They were imported too, as part of development since independence.
NCERT (2026-27): “Independent India and the World |