According to which theory, there are three basic types of intelligence: Experiential, Componential and Contextual?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Option (1) Theory of Multiple Intelligences — Incorrect. Howard Gardner’s theory describes eight types of intelligence, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial and musical, each independent of the others.
Option (2) Theory of Primary Mental Abilities — Incorrect. Louis Thurstone held that intelligence consists of seven primary abilities, each relatively independent: verbal comprehension, numerical abilities, spatial relations, perceptual speed, word fluency, memory and inductive reasoning.
Option (3) Two-Factor Theory — Incorrect. Charles Spearman proposed that intelligence consists of a general factor (g-factor) and specific abilities (s-factors).
Option (4) Triarchic Theory of Intelligence — Correct. Robert Sternberg (1985) proposed this theory, in which there are three basic types of intelligence: Componential, Experiential and Contextual. Componential (analytical) intelligence analyses information to solve problems, experiential (creative) intelligence uses past experience creatively to solve novel problems, and contextual (practical) intelligence deals with everyday environmental demands.
NCERT (2025-26): “Triarchic Theory of Intelligence … Robert Sternberg (1985) proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence. Sternberg views intelligence as ‘the ability to adapt, to shape and select environment to accomplish one’s goals and those of one’s society and culture’. According to this theory, there are three basic types of intelligence: Componential, Experiential, and Contextual.…” |