After Green Revolution, as technology spread, a service-caste blacksmith in Punjab lost work because most farmers started using factory-made tools and machines. This situation highlights:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Displacement of service caste groups.
Option (1) Protection of traditional rural occupations. — Incorrect. The blacksmith’s traditional work was lost, not protected: once farmers used factory-made tools and machines, there was no demand for the implements he made and repaired.
Option (2) Development of minority religious groups. — Incorrect. The case is about a service caste and farm machinery; religion plays no part in it.
Option (3) Success of ceiling acts. — Incorrect. Land Ceiling Acts fix an upper limit on the land a family can own, so that surplus land can go to the landless; in most states they proved toothless. They deal with landholding, not with the tools used on the land.
Option (4) Displacement of service caste groups. — Correct. In areas such as Punjab, the introduction of tillers, tractors, threshers and harvesters led to the displacement of the service caste groups who used to carry out these agriculture-related activities. The blacksmith who lost his work is one of them; such displacement also quickened rural-urban migration.
NCERT (2025-26): “4.3 The Green Revolution and its Social Consequences … In addition, the introduction of machinery such as tillers, tractors, threshers, and harvesters (in areas such as Punjab and parts of Madhya Pradesh) led to the displacement of the service caste groups who used to carry out these agriculture-related activities. This process of displacement also increased the pace of rural-urban migration.…” |