Which of the following is NOT true about Gross National Happiness (GNH)?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Many countries in the world officially proclaim Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a measure of the country’s progress.
Option (1) Many countries in the world officially proclaim Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a measure of the country’s progress. — False. Bhutan is the only country in the world to officially proclaim GNH as the measure of its progress, so ‘many countries’ is wrong.
Option (2) Material progress cannot come at the cost of happiness. — True. Bhutan approaches material progress and technology cautiously, keeping in mind the harm they might do to the environment and to cultural and spiritual life.
Option (3) It was not developed by economist Mahbub-ul-Haq. — True. Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq introduced the concept of human development, development that enlarges people’s choices. GNH is Bhutan’s own measure of progress, not his.
Option (4) This measure encourages us to think of the spiritual, non-material and qualitative aspects of development. — True. GNH looks beyond income and goods to the spiritual, non-material and qualitative side of development.
NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography — Chapter 3: Human Development, box on Gross National Happiness, and the text on human development (2025-26)
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