Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:-
While melatonin supplements may seem like a quick fix for sleep problems, health experts caution against relying on them as a magic long-term solution. The supplements, available in various forms like gummies, pills, and liquid, have become increasingly popular among individuals struggling with sleep issues. However, experts advise that they should only be used under medical supervision and for specific purposes.
According to Dr. Neetu Jain, a sleep specialist, melatonin supplements are not effective for individuals with underlying anxiety or depression. "People with these conditions require psychiatric consultation and therapy, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), to address their sleep problems,".
CBT is a talking therapy that helps individuals cope with challenges in life by addressing their thought processes. It is a first-line treatment for sleep-related problems before resorting to pharmacological treatments.
Melatonin supplements are most beneficial for individuals with irregular work shifts, those crossing time zones, or individuals recovering from periods of poor sleep patterns. However, experts warn that prolonged use of these supplements can lead to side effects like grogginess and nausea.
Moreover, melatonin supplements are not sedatives or sleep-inducing drugs but rather "physiological supplements" that support the brain in restoring the quality, structure, and pattern of sleep. Experts emphasise the importance of good "sleep hygiene", including avoiding stimulating activities or drinks in the evening, reducing screen time, and engaging in relaxing activities before bed.
Individuals struggling with sleep issues should consult a sleep specialist to determine the underlying cause of their problem and develop a personalized treatment plan.
What is the significance of the term "physiological supplements" in describing melatonin?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → It highlights the idea that melatonin supports natural biological processes to improve sleep.
The passage says melatonin supplements are "not sedatives or sleep-inducing drugs" but "physiological supplements" that support the brain in bringing back the quality, structure and pattern of sleep. Physiological means related to the normal working of the body, so the term shows that melatonin helps the body's own sleep process instead of forcing sleep.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: It suggests melatonin directly induces sleep without any other support. — Incorrect. Contradicted: the passage says melatonin is not a sleep-inducing drug, and experts also stress good sleep hygiene alongside it.
Option 3: It means melatonin is a type of drug with strong sedative effects. — Incorrect. Contradicted: a sedative is a drug that calms a person or makes him sleepy. The passage states that melatonin supplements are not sedatives.
Option 4: It implies that melatonin is only useful for people with physiological sleep disorders. — Incorrect. Wrong focus: the word describes how the supplement works, not who should take it. The passage names shift workers, travellers crossing time zones and people recovering from poor sleep patterns as the ones who benefit most.