Opinions that are not fact based can be understood as
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Prejudice
Option (1) Prejudice — Correct. Prejudices are pre-conceived opinions or attitudes held by members of one group towards another. The word literally means ‘pre-judgement’, an opinion formed before considering any available evidence, often based on hearsay rather than on direct evidence.
Option (2) Untouchability — Incorrect. Untouchability is a social practice within the caste system that excludes, humiliates and exploits the castes regarded as ‘untouchable’. It is a practice, not an opinion.
Option (3) Inclusion — Incorrect. Inclusion means bringing individuals and groups into full involvement in society, the opposite of exclusion. It is a process, not an opinion.
Option (4) Exclusion — Incorrect. Social exclusion refers to the ways in which individuals may become cut off from full involvement in the wider society. Prejudice may lead to it, but exclusion is something done to people, not an opinion held about them.
NCERT (2025-26): “Social Inequality … Prejudices refer to pre-conceived opinions or attitudes held by members of one group towards another. The word literally means ‘pre-judgement’, that is, an opinion formed in advance of any familiarity with the subject, before considering any available evidence. A prejudiced person’s preconceived views are often based on hearsay rather than on direct evidence, and are resistant to change even in the face of new information.…” “Social Exclusion Social exclusion refers to ways in which individuals may become cut off from full involvement in the wider society. It focuses attention on a broad range of factors that prevent individuals or groups from having opportunities open to the majority of the population.…” |