Certain Aldehydes, ketone and certain alcohol undergo iodoform test. Certain Aldehydes, ketones undergo aldol condensation. While certain aldehydes undergo Cannizaro's reaction. Aldehydes responds to tollen reagent and fehling reagent test.

Which amongst the following will respond to Tollen's test

A. \(C_6H_5OH\)

B. \(HCHO\)

C. \(HCOOH\)

D. \(CH_3COCH_3\)

Choose the correct option:

B and C only

The correct answer is option 3. B and C only.

(A) \(C_6H_5OH\): Phenol (\(C_6H_5OH\)) does not give a positive Tollen's test. Tollen's test is specific to aldehydes, not phenols or other types of compounds. Phenol lacks the characteristic carbonyl group found in aldehydes, so it does not undergo the oxidation-reduction reaction that produces the silver mirror characteristic of the Tollen's test.

(B) \(HCHO\): Methanal (formaldehyde, \(HCHO\)) give a positive Tollen's test. Tollen's reagent is an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution used to detect the presence of aldehydes. In the presence of an aldehyde, such as methanal, Tollen's reagent undergoes a redox reaction where the aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylic acid, and the silver ions (\(Ag^+\)) in the reagent are reduced to metallic silver (\(Ag\)). This reduction forms a silver mirror on the inner surface of the reaction vessel. So, methanal (formaldehyde) would give a positive Tollen's test.

(C) \(HCOOH\): Methanoic acid (\(HCOOH\)) gives a positive Tollen's test. Tollen's reagent is an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution used to detect the presence of aldehydes. In the presence of an aldehyde or a reducing agent, such as methanoic acid, Tollen's reagent undergoes a redox reaction where the aldehyde or reducing agent is oxidized, and the silver ions (\(Ag^+\)) in the reagent are reduced to metallic silver (\(Ag\)). This reduction forms a silver mirror on the inner surface of the reaction vessel. So, methanoic acid would indeed give a positive Tollen's test.

(D) \(CH_3COCH_3\): Acetone (\(CH_3COCH_3\)) does not give a positive Tollen's test. Tollen's reagent, also known as ammoniacal silver nitrate, is specifically used to detect the presence of aldehydes, not ketones like acetone. In Tollen's test, aldehydes are oxidized to carboxylic acids, while the silver ions in the Tollen's reagent are reduced to metallic silver, forming a silver mirror on the inner surface of the reaction vessel. However, ketones like acetone lack the reactive carbonyl group required for this oxidation reaction to occur.