Read the following passage and answer question.

Mr. Thaapar is the General Manager of a company named XYZ Ltd. for 12 years. He manages 150 employees with his effective leadership, motivation and communication. He encourages his sub-ordinates in decision-making and respects everyone's ideas and opinions. Once, while passing by the production department, Mr. Thaapar overheard Mr. Rohan, foreman of production department, was discussing about his financial condition on phone with his friend. Mr. Thaapa• decided to give him the necessary help in near future in the upcoming appraisal in the form of increased incentive bonus. He also observed that Ms. Heena, Sr. Executive, is very much excited whenever she is given challenging work. Mr. Thaapar decided to reward her in the best possible way and hence he sent her an email stating about her promotion to a higher level. Which gave her more autonomy and power.

Mr. Thaapar used ______ communication method to inform Ms. Heena

Formal

The correct answer is option (3) : Formal

Informal Communication: Informal communication refers to the transmission of information, ideas, or messages within an organization that does not follow the formal structure or prescribed communication channels. It occurs naturally between employees, often through casual conversation, social interactions, or unofficial exchanges. Informal communication can facilitate relationship building, foster a sense of camaraderie, and contribute to a positive organizational culture.

Grapevine: The grapevine is a type of informal communication network within an organization through which rumors, gossip, and informal information are disseminated among employees. It is an informal channel of communication that operates outside the formal communication structure of the organization. While the grapevine can sometimes spread inaccurate or misleading information, it also serves as a valuable source of informal communication that can provide insights into employee sentiments and attitudes.

Formal Communication:Formal communication refers to the official communication channels and protocols established within an organization. It follows predefined hierarchical paths and is typically documented, structured, and systematically disseminated through official memos, reports, emails, or meetings. Formal communication ensures the flow of official information, instructions, policies, and procedures throughout the organization, helping to maintain organizational order and facilitate efficient decision-making.

Horizontal Communication: Horizontal communication refers to the flow of information, ideas, and messages between individuals or departments at the same hierarchical level within an organization. It facilitates collaboration/ coordination, and the sharing of knowledge or resources among peers or colleagues. Horizontal communication helps break down silos, encourages teamwork, and promotes a more collaborative and cohesive work environment, enabling employees to work together more effectively toward common goals.