Carbon and energy requirements of autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by the process of:

Photosynthesis

The correct answer is Option (2) – Photosynthesis

Carbon and energy requirements of autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by the process of:  Photosynthesis

Explanation:

• Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophic organisms, such as plants, algae, and certain bacteria, convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
• During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO₂) is utilized from the atmosphere, and energy from sunlight is captured to synthesize glucose. This process is crucial for fulfilling the carbon and energy requirements of autotrophic organisms.
• Biosynthesis refers to the production of complex organic compounds from simpler ones, and hibernation is a state of inactivity in some animals during winter to conserve energy. Photoautotrophs are organisms that perform photosynthesis to produce their own food.