PsychologyPsychological Disorders

For two years, Neha has had spells of high energy, little sleep and g…

For two years, Neha has had spells of high energy, little sleep and grand plans, followed by weeks of deep sadness, with some months of normal mood in between. The group of disorders she most likely has was earlier referred to as:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 1

The correct answer is Option (1) → Manic-depressive disorders

Option (1) Manic-depressive disorders — Correct. Neha's high-energy spells are mania and her weeks of sadness are depression. They alternate, with spells of normal mood between them. This is a bipolar disorder, and bipolar mood disorders were earlier called manic-depressive disorders.

Option (2) Major depressive disorders — Incorrect. Major depressive disorder has periods of low mood only. Neha also has manic spells, so her pattern is bipolar.

Option (3) Dissociative identity disorders — Incorrect. Dissociative identity disorder is a dissociative disorder, where a person shows two or more separate personalities.

Option (4) Cyclothymic disorders — Incorrect. Cyclothymic Disorder is one present-day type within the bipolar group.

NCERT (2026-27): “Bipolar and Related Disorders
Bipolar I disorder involves both mania and depression, which are alternately present and sometimes interrupted by periods of normal mood. Manic episodes rarely appear by themselves; they usually alternate with depression. Bipolar mood disorders were earlier referred to as manic-depressive disorders. Some examples of types of bipolar and related disorders include Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II disorder and Cyclothymic Disorder.”