Amniocentesis is used to detect the :

The correct answer is Option (2) → Presence of certain genetic disorders

Option (1) Sexually transmitted diseases — Incorrect. STIs are found from symptoms and tests on the person, not from the amniotic fluid.

Option (2) Presence of certain genetic disorders — Correct. Some amniotic fluid is taken and the foetal cells are studied. Its misuse for sex determination is banned.

Option (3) Causes of infertility — Incorrect. Amniocentesis is done during a pregnancy, so it cannot test infertility.

Option (4) Presence of pneumonia germs — Incorrect. Pneumonia is a lung infection; it is not tested this way.

NCERT Extract:
Reproductive Health – Problems and Strategies – “… In aminocentesis some of the amniotic fluid of the developing foetus is taken to analyse the fetal cells and dissolved substances. This procedure is used to test for the presence of certain genetic disorders such as, down syndrome, haemoplilia, sickle-cell anemia, etc., determine the survivability of the foetus.”