Which term is used when a client learns to behave in a certain way by…

The correct answer is Option (4) → Modelling

Option (1) Token economy — Incorrect. In a token economy, a person gets a token each time a wanted behaviour occurs, and the tokens are later exchanged for a reward. It works through rewards.

Option (2) Reciprocal inhibition — Incorrect. Reciprocal inhibition is the principle that, when two opposing forces are present together, the weaker one is inhibited. It explains systematic desensitisation.

Option (3) Positive reinforcement — Incorrect. Positive reinforcement strengthens a behaviour by following it with a reward. The client learns from the result of his own act.

Option (4) Modelling — Correct. Modelling is the procedure in which the client learns a behaviour by observing a role model, often the therapist at first. It uses vicarious learning, and small changes are rewarded until the client acquires the model's behaviour.