Identify the Prime Minister of India from amongst the following who headed the first coalition government in India.

Morarji Desai

The correct answer is Option 3 - Morarji Desai

A coalition government is formed when multiple political parties come together to jointly run a country. This typically happens after an election where no single party wins enough seats to hold a majority on its own.

The elections after the 1975 emergency, held in 1977, resulted in the formation of India's first ever national coalition government under the prime ministership of Morarji Desai, which was also the first non-Congress national government. It existed from 24 March 1977 to 15 July 1979, headed by the Janata Party, an amalgam of political parties opposed to the emergency imposed between 1975 and 1977. The Janata Party government that came to power was supported by the party CONGRESS FOR DEMOCRACY. In the 1977 elections, the Janata-CFD alliance outsed the Indian National Congress from power for the first time in 30 years. The Congress for Democracy itself won only 28 seats.

Explanatory text from NCERT:

Yet the final results (of the 1977 elections) took everyone by surprise. For the first time since Independence, the Congress party was defeated in the Lok Sabha elections. The Congress could win only 154 seats in the Lok Sabha. Its share of popular votes fell to less than 35 per cent. The Janata Party and its allies won 330 out of the 542 seats in the Lok Sabha; Janata Party itself won 295 seats and thus enjoyed a clear majority. In north India, it was a massive electoral wave against the Congress. The Congress lost in every constituency in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana and the Punjab and could win only one seat each in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Indira Gandhi was defeated from Rae Bareli, as was her son Sanjay Gandhi from Amethi.