Veena Ltd. is a company manufacturing contact lens. The HR manager of the company has noticed high employee turnover for the past one year. He has been assigned the task of understanding need hierarchy for motivating and retaining employees in the organisation. Arrange and sequence the needs as per Maslow's need hierarchy.

(A) Esteem needs
(B) Basic physiological needs
(C) Self Actualisation needs
(D) Safety/Security needs
(E) Affiliation needs

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

(B), (D), (E), (A), (C)

The correct answer is Option (3) → (B), (D), (E), (A), (C)

Abraham Maslow, a well-known psychologist in a classic paper published in 1943, outlined the elements of an overall theory of motivation. His theory was based on human needs. He felt that within every human being, there exists a hierarchy of five needs. These are:

* Basic Physiological Needs: These needs are most basic in the hierarchy and correspond to primary needs. Hunger, thirst, shelter, sleep and sex are some examples of these needs. In the organisational context, basic salary helps to satisfy these needs.

* Safety/Security Needs: These needs provide security and protection from physical and emotional harm. Examples: job security, stability of income, Pension plans etc.

* Affiliation/Belonging Needs: These needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship.

* Esteem Needs: These include factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention.

* Self Actualisation Needs: It is the highest level of need in the hierarchy. It refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming. These needs include growth, self-fulfillment and achievement of goals.