Match List - I with List - II
| List - I (Factors underlying the abnormal behaviour) | List - II Description | ||
| (A) | Biological factors | (I) | War and violence, rapid social change, group prejudice and societal labels lead to psychological problems |
| (B) | Socio-cultural model | (II) | Abnormal behaviour is a symbolic expression of unconscious mental conflicts generally traced to early childhood or infancy |
| (C) | Behavioural model | (III) | Faulty genes, endocrine imbalances, malnutrition may interfere with normal functioning of the human body |
| (D) | Psychodynamic model | (IV) | Normal and abnormal behaviour is learned |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
(A) Biological factors — this matches (III) Faulty genes, endocrine imbalances, malnutrition may interfere with normal functioning of the human body. A wide range of biological factors such as faulty genes, endocrine imbalances, malnutrition and injuries may interfere with normal development and functioning of the body, and may be causes of abnormal behaviour.
(B) Socio-cultural model — this matches (I) War and violence, rapid social change, group prejudice and societal labels lead to psychological problems. Socio-cultural factors such as war and violence, group prejudice and rapid social change put stress on people, and the model holds that abnormal behaviour is best understood in the light of social and cultural forces, including societal labels and roles.
(C) Behavioural model — this matches (IV) Normal and abnormal behaviour is learned. This model states that both normal and abnormal behaviours are learned, and that psychological disorders result from learning maladaptive ways of behaving, which can be unlearned.
(D) Psychodynamic model — this matches (II) Abnormal behaviour is a symbolic expression of unconscious mental conflicts generally traced to early childhood or infancy. Psychodynamic theorists hold that abnormal behaviour is a symbolic expression of unconscious mental conflicts that can be traced to early childhood or infancy.
NCERT (2025-26): “Factors Underlying Abnormal Behaviour … Biological factors influence all aspects of our behaviour. A wide range of biological factors such as faulty genes, endocrine imbalances, malnutrition, injuries and other conditions may interfere with normal development and functioning of the human body. These factors may be potential causes of abnormal behaviour.…” “…Freud stated that abnormal behaviour is a symbolic expression of unconscious mental conflicts that can be generally traced to early childhood or infancy.…” “…Another model that emphasises the role of psychological factors is the behavioural model. This model states that both normal and abnormal behaviours are learned and psychological disorders are the result of learning maladaptive ways of behaving.…” “…In addition to the biological and psychosocial factors, socio-cultural factors such as war and violence, group prejudice and discrimination, economic and employment problems, and rapid social change, put stress on most of us and can also lead to psychological problems in some individuals. According to the socio-cultural model, abnormal behaviour is best understood in light of the social and cultural forces that influence an individual.…” |