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Let us now move from domestic politics and take a look at some of the areas of conflict in international relations in this region. The post-Cold War era has not meant the end of conflicts and tensions in this region. We have already noted the conflicts around internal democracy or ethnic differences. But there are also some very crucial conflicts of an international nature. Given the position of India in this region, most of these conflicts involve India.

The most salient and overwhelming of these conflicts is, of course, the one between India and Pakistan. Soon after the partition, the two countries got embroiled in a conflict over the fate of Kashmir. The Pakistani government claimed that Kashmir belonged to it. Wars between India and Pakistan in 1947-48 and 1965 failed to settle the matter.

Which of the following issues is a cause of conflict between India and Pakistan?

All of the above

The correct answer is Option 4 - All of the above

Besides the Kashmir issue, India’s conflict with Pakistan is also over strategic issues like the control of the Siachen glacier and over acquisition of arms.