Match List – I with List – II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)

The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)

A. In barrier methods, ovum and sperms are prevented from physically meeting with the help of barriers. Such methods are available for both males and females. Condoms are barriers made of thin rubber/ latex sheath that are used to cover the penis in the male or vagina and cervix in the female, just before coitus so that the ejaculated semen would not enter into the female reproductive tract. This can prevent conception.

B. The use of Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs) is effective and popular method used in birth control. These devices are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through vagina. These Intra Uterine Devices are presently available as the non-medicated IUDs (e.g., Lippes loop), copper releasing IUDs (CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375) and the hormone releasing IUDs (Progestasert, LNG-20) . IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms. 

C. Sterilization provides a permanent and sure birth control. Sterilization are generally advised for the male/female partner as a terminal method to prevent any more pregnancies. Surgical intervention/methods blocks gamete transport and thereby prevent conception. Sterilisation procedure in the male is called ‘vasectomy’ and that in the female, ‘tubectomy’.

D. Oral administration of small doses of either progestogens or progestogen –estrogen combinations is a contraceptive method used by the females. They are used in the form of tablets and hence are popularly called the pills. Saheli –the new oral contraceptive for the females contains a non-steroidal preparation. It is a ‘once a week’ pill with very few side effects and high contraceptive value.