The correct answer is Option (2) → ab initio
The correct expression that means "from the very beginning" is "ab initio."
Here's an explanation of each option:
1. **Ad infinitum**: This phrase means "to infinity" or "without end." It is used to describe something that continues indefinitely or endlessly, rather than starting from the very beginning.
2. **Ab initio**: This Latin phrase translates to "from the beginning." It is commonly used in legal contexts, academic writing, and discussions to denote starting from the very beginning or initial stages.
3. **A priori**: This Latin phrase means "from what comes before" or "based on prior knowledge or assumptions." It is used in philosophy and logic to describe knowledge or arguments that are independent of experience and derived from reason or deduction, rather than observation.
4. **Ad hoc**: This Latin phrase translates to "for this purpose" or "created or done for a particular purpose as necessary." It is used to describe something that is improvised or done temporarily to address a specific situation or need, rather than being planned or established from the very beginning. |
